AMH
American Homes 4 Rent
$33.29
+0.88%
$12.0B
No data for this timeframe.
Vol
Market Cap$12.0B
Cap SizeLarge Cap
Analyst ConsensusBuy (55%)
Inst. Holders50 funds
Inst. Value$5.3B
Inst. Activity18 buys / 32 sells
Insider Activity8B / 1S
Insider Net $$122.2K
Reddit Sentiment50° Neutral
SEC Reports7
Recent Activity
Jun 12, 2026
SEC
American Homes 4 Rent replaced its expiring Form S-3 shelf registration statement with a new automatic shelf registratio
8-K — Impact 3/10
Jun 12, 2026
SEC
American Homes 4 Rent filed a prospectus supplement for an at-the-market (ATM) equity program to sell up to $1.0 billion
424B5 — Impact 5/10
Jun 5, 2026
Insider
GUSTAVSON TAMARA HUGHES acquired via exercise 10,000 shares
Director @ $21.57 ($215.7K)
May 27, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 57.0% short (0.3M / 0.6M)
Short: 322,152 | Exempt: 618 | TRF Vol: 565,607 | Short Ratio: 57.0% | Off-exchange volume (dark poo
May 18, 2026
Insider
CORRIGAN JACK E bought 89 shares
Director @ $23.50 ($2.1K)
May 15, 2026
Insider
CORRIGAN JACK E bought 1,311 shares
Director @ $23.40 ($30.7K)
Mar 27, 2026
SEC
American Homes 4 Rent has filed a definitive additional proxy statement (DEFA14A) related to a shareholder vote. The fil
DEFA14A — Impact 2/10
Inst.
Invesco Ltd. — TRIM
3,942,563 shares ($110.1M)
Price Targets
$35.32
+6.1% upside
Buy
Current $33.29
Low $29.00
Median $35.50
High $40.00
22 analysts
$29.00
$40.00
Analyst Ratings
6Strong Buy
10Buy
12Hold
1Sell
0Strong Sell
Recent Analyst Actions
| Date | Firm | Action | Rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 1, 2026 | Wells Fargo | MAINTAIN | Overweight → Overweight |
| May 27, 2026 | Morgan Stanley | MAINTAIN | Overweight → Overweight |
| May 21, 2026 | Scotiabank | MAINTAIN | Sector Perform → Sector Perform |
| May 19, 2026 | UBS | MAINTAIN | Neutral → Neutral |
| May 18, 2026 | Raymond James | UPGRADE | Market Perform → Outperform |
Earnings Estimates
| Period | EPS Est. | Range | Growth | # |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Q | $0.15 | $0.13 — $0.17 | -48% YoY | 4 |
| Next Q | $0.15 | $0.13 — $0.17 | -45% YoY | 4 |
| Current FY | $0.71 ▲ +18.0% | $0.57 — $0.79 | -41% YoY | 3 |
| Next FY | $0.66 ▼ -4.4% | $0.61 — $0.71 | -8% YoY | 3 |
Latest Reports
NEUTRAL
8-K
3/10
American Homes 4 Rent replaced its expiring Form S-3 shelf registration statement with a new automatic shelf registratio
Jun 12, 2026
BEARISH
424B5
5/10
American Homes 4 Rent filed a prospectus supplement for an at-the-market (ATM) equity program to sell up to $1.0 billion
Jun 12, 2026
Top Institutional Holders
| Fund | Value | Move |
|---|---|---|
| BlackRock, Inc. | $1.2B | — |
| VANGUARD PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT LLC | $800.9M | — |
| STATE STREET CORP | $452.8M | — |
| VANGUARD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC | $408.4M | — |
| FMR LLC | $259.4M | — |
Recent Insider Trades
| Date | Insider | Type | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 5, 2026 | GUSTAVSON TAMARA | M | $215.7K |
| May 18, 2026 | CORRIGAN JACK | BUY | $2.1K |
| May 15, 2026 | CORRIGAN JACK | BUY | $30.7K |
| May 14, 2026 | Kerrick Michelle | A | $0.00 |
| May 14, 2026 | Webb Winifred | A | $0.00 |
Reddit Sentiment
50°
Neutral
Bearish
Neutral
Bullish
50 institutional holders with $5.3B total value (190,651,921 shares) as of 2026-Q1. Top holders: BlackRock,, VANGUARD, STATE. Net selling activity: 32 institutions trimmed/exited vs 18 added.
Top Institutional Holders — 2026-Q1
| # | Fund | Shares | Value | % of Tracked | Last Move |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BlackRock, Inc. | 44,478,541 | $1.2B | 23.3% | — |
| 2 | VANGUARD PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT LLC | 28,684,978 | $800.9M | 15.0% | — |
| 3 | STATE STREET CORP | 16,218,219 | $452.8M | 8.5% | — |
| 4 | VANGUARD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC | 14,626,232 | $408.4M | 7.7% | — |
| 5 | FMR LLC | 9,290,625 | $259.4M | 4.9% | — |
| 6 | CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC | 5,090,967 | $142.1M | 2.7% | — |
| 7 | DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS LP | 4,911,265 | $137.1M | 2.6% | — |
| 8 | DUFF & PHELPS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO | 4,576,997 | $127.8M | 2.4% | — |
| 9 | GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC | 4,127,029 | $115.2M | 2.2% | — |
| 10 | BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/ | 4,010,765 | $112.0M | 2.1% | — |
| 11 | Invesco Ltd. | 3,942,563 | $110.1M | 2.1% | TRIM -36.0% |
| 12 | Nuveen, LLC | 3,774,043 | $105.4M | 2.0% | — |
| 13 | ARROWSTREET CAPITAL, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP | 3,544,892 | $99.0M | 1.9% | ADD +83.1% |
| 14 | CI INVESTMENTS INC. | 2,959,426 | $82.6M | 1.5% | — |
| 15 | MASSACHUSETTS FINANCIAL SERVICES CO /MA/ | 2,610,155 | $78.4M | 1.5% | — |
| 16 | Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Group, Inc. | 2,228,492 | $62.2M | 1.2% | — |
| 17 | VANGUARD FIDUCIARY TRUST CO | 2,027,702 | $56.6M | 1.1% | — |
| 18 | DEUTSCHE BANK AG\ | 1,953,231 | $54.5M | 1.0% | — |
| 19 | Legal & General Group Plc | 1,953,176 | $54.5M | 1.0% | — |
| 20 | Russell Investments Group, Ltd. | 1,783,412 | $49.8M | 0.9% | — |
Recent Position Changes
| Fund | Action | Prev Shares | Curr Shares | Change % | Value | Quarter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Invesco Ltd. | TRIM | 6,161,646 | 3,942,563 | -36.0% | $110.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| ARROWSTREET CAPITAL, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP | ADD | 1,935,958 | 3,544,892 | +83.1% | $99.0M | 2026-Q1 |
| MORGAN STANLEY | TRIM | 2,432,689 | 1,743,176 | -28.3% | $48.7M | 2026-Q1 |
| BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ | ADD | 952,317 | 1,609,254 | +69.0% | $44.9M | 2026-Q1 |
| BNP Paribas Asset Management Holding S.A. | ADD | 1,046,380 | 1,580,638 | +51.1% | $44.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| Clearbridge Investments, LLC | TRIM | 2,486,542 | 1,577,239 | -36.6% | $44.0M | 2026-Q1 |
| Holocene Advisors, LP | DOUBLED | 576,150 | 1,357,801 | +135.7% | $37.9M | 2026-Q1 |
| BALYASNY ASSET MANAGEMENT L.P. | NEW | — | 1,113,598 | — | $31.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| TUDOR INVESTMENT CORP ET AL | DOUBLED | 176,639 | 1,007,393 | +470.3% | $28.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| Woodline Partners LP | NEW | — | 1,000,958 | — | $27.9M | 2026-Q1 |
| SCHRODER INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT GROUP | TRIM | 1,360,857 | 930,410 | -31.6% | $26.0M | 2026-Q1 |
| APG Asset Management US Inc. | NEW | — | 820,421 | — | $23.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| SEI INVESTMENTS CO | TRIM | 1,352,802 | 663,755 | -50.9% | $18.5M | 2026-Q1 |
| HEALTHCARE OF ONTARIO PENSION PLAN TRUST FUND | NEW | — | 418,062 | — | $11.7M | 2026-Q1 |
| Neuberger Berman Group LLC | DOUBLED | 193,988 | 415,286 | +114.1% | $11.6M | 2026-Q1 |
| NATIXIS | DOUBLED | 80,907 | 382,128 | +372.3% | $10.7M | 2026-Q1 |
| Amundi | TRIM | 857,906 | 331,163 | -61.4% | $9.2M | 2026-Q1 |
| CAISSE DE DEPOT ET PLACEMENT DU QUEBEC | DOUBLED | 93,379 | 273,727 | +193.1% | $7.6M | 2026-Q1 |
| Mitsubishi UFJ Asset Management Co., Ltd. | TRIM | 586,412 | 266,227 | -54.6% | $7.4M | 2026-Q1 |
| STATE OF WISCONSIN INVESTMENT BOARD | ADD | 167,057 | 257,700 | +54.3% | $7.2M | 2026-Q1 |
| JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC | NEAR_EXIT | 1,749,424 | 232,037 | -86.7% | $6.5M | 2026-Q1 |
| ENVESTNET ASSET MANAGEMENT INC | TRIM | 295,287 | 219,595 | -25.6% | $6.1M | 2026-Q1 |
| Horizon Investments, LLC | ADD | 74,053 | 125,475 | +69.4% | $3.5M | 2026-Q1 |
| BAMCO INC /NY/ | TRIM | 212,379 | 93,977 | -55.8% | $2.6M | 2026-Q1 |
| Sumitomo Mitsui DS Asset Management Company, Ltd | TRIM | 111,926 | 74,943 | -33.0% | $2.1M | 2026-Q1 |
14 unique insiders with 27 transactions. Net insider value: $122.2K ($327.6K bought, $205.4K sold).
Insider Transactions
| Date | Insider | Title | Type | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 5, 2026 | GUSTAVSON TAMARA HUGHES | Director | EXERCISE | 10,000 | $21.57 | $215.7K |
| May 18, 2026 | CORRIGAN JACK E | Director | BUY | 89 | $23.50 | $2.1K |
| May 15, 2026 | CORRIGAN JACK E | Director | BUY | 1,311 | $23.40 | $30.7K |
| May 14, 2026 | Kerrick Michelle C. | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | Webb Winifred Markus | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | SWANN LYNN C | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | HART MATTHEW J | Director | AWARD | 7,016 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | Willoughby Jay | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | BENHAM DOUGLAS N | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | GUSTAVSON TAMARA HUGHES | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| May 14, 2026 | ZAIST MATTHEW R | Director | AWARD | 5,421 | — | — |
| Mar 19, 2026 | Lau Christopher | CFO and Sr. EVP | GIFT | 1,075 | — | — |
| Mar 3, 2026 | Goldberg David | Director | BUY | 2,000 | $29.30 | $58.6K |
| Mar 2, 2026 | BENHAM DOUGLAS N | Director | BUY | 1,200 | $24.20 | $29.0K |
| Feb 25, 2026 | BENHAM DOUGLAS N | Director | BUY | 1,571 | $24.00 | $37.7K |
| Feb 24, 2026 | Reitz Brian | Chief Accounting Officer | SELL | 7,000 | $29.34 | $205.4K |
| Feb 24, 2026 | Goldberg David | Director | BUY | 2,000 | $29.17 | $58.3K |
| Feb 23, 2026 | BENHAM DOUGLAS N | Director | BUY | 2,000 | $29.15 | $58.3K |
| Feb 23, 2026 | CORRIGAN JACK E | Director | BUY | 2,300 | $22.97 | $52.8K |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Smith Bryan | Chief Executive Officer | D | 21,612 | $30.84 | $666.5K |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Smith Bryan | Chief Executive Officer | AWARD | 47,687 | — | — |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Lau Christopher | CFO and Sr. EVP | D | 27,946 | $30.84 | $861.9K |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Lau Christopher | CFO and Sr. EVP | AWARD | 47,687 | — | — |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Vogt-Lowell Sara H. | CAO & CLO | D | 14,928 | $30.84 | $460.4K |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Vogt-Lowell Sara H. | CAO & CLO | AWARD | 25,474 | — | — |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Reitz Brian | Chief Accounting Officer | D | 1,634 | $30.84 | $50.4K |
| Feb 7, 2026 | Reitz Brian | Chief Accounting Officer | AWARD | 3,179 | — | — |
7 SEC filing reports analyzed. Sentiment: 2 bullish, 1 bearish, 0 mixed, 4 neutral. Avg impact: 3.9/10.
NEUTRAL
8-K
3/10
American Homes 4 Rent replaced its expiring Form S-3 shelf registration statement with a new automat
Jun 12, 2026
BEARISH
424B5
5/10
American Homes 4 Rent filed a prospectus supplement for an at-the-market (ATM) equity program to sel
Jun 12, 2026
NEUTRAL
DEFA14A
2/10
American Homes 4 Rent has filed a definitive additional proxy statement (DEFA14A) related to a share
Mar 27, 2026
NEUTRAL
CLUSTER
3/10
Director David Goldberg purchased 2,000 shares of American Homes 4 Rent (AMH) in the open market for
Mar 9, 2026
NEUTRAL
CLUSTER
3/10
Over the past seven days, insiders at American Homes 4 Rent (AMH) showed mixed activity: three insid
Feb 27, 2026
BULLISH
CLUSTER
5/10
Three insiders at American Homes 4 Rent (AMH) purchased shares in the open market over a two-day win
Feb 26, 2026
BULLISH
CLUSTER
6/10
Two American Homes 4 Rent insiders — Jack Corrigan and Douglas Benham — purchased shares in the open
Feb 25, 2026
No press releases analyzed yet. Press releases are collected from GlobeNewsWire and analyzed by the LLM pipeline.
Current analyst consensus: Hold (55% buy). Based on 29 analysts: 6 strong buy, 10 buy, 12 hold, 1 sell, 0 strong sell.
Analyst Price Targets
$35.32 mean target
+6.1% upside
Buy (2.17)
$29.00 Low
$40.00 High
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Current Price | $33.29 |
| Target Low | $29.00 |
| Target Mean | $35.32 |
| Target Median | $35.50 |
| Target High | $40.00 |
| # Analysts | 22 |
| Recommendation | Buy (2.17) |
Earnings Estimates & Revisions
| Period | EPS Avg | EPS Low | EPS High | EPS Growth | 30d Rev. | Up/Down | Rev. Avg | Rev. Growth | Analysts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Q 2026-06-30 |
$0.15 | $0.13 | $0.17 | -47.6% | — | 0↑ 1↓ | $0.5B | 1.9% | 4 |
| Next Q 2026-09-30 |
$0.15 | $0.13 | $0.17 | -44.7% | — | 0↑ 1↓ | $0.5B | 1.8% | 4 |
| Current FY 2026-12-31 |
$0.71 | $0.57 | $0.79 | -41.4% | +18.0% | 0↑ 1↓ | $1.9B | 2.4% | 3 |
| Next FY 2027-12-31 |
$0.66 | $0.61 | $0.71 | -7.6% | -4.4% | 0↑ 1↓ | $2.0B | 3.8% | 3 |
Current Quarter EPS Revision History
| Timepoint | EPS Estimate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Current | $0.153 | |
| 7d ago | $0.150 | +0.003 |
| 30d ago | $0.000 | +0.153 |
| 60d ago | $0.158 | -0.005 |
| 90d ago | $0.156 | -0.004 |
16 analyst firms have rated this stock: 1 upgrades, 3 downgrades, 1 initiations.
Individual Analyst Actions
| Date | Analyst Firm | Action | Previous Rating | New Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 1, 2026 | Wells Fargo | MAINTAIN | Overweight | Overweight |
| May 27, 2026 | Morgan Stanley | MAINTAIN | Overweight | Overweight |
| May 21, 2026 | Scotiabank | MAINTAIN | Sector Perform | Sector Perform |
| May 19, 2026 | UBS | MAINTAIN | Neutral | Neutral |
| May 18, 2026 | Raymond James | UPGRADE | Market Perform | Outperform |
| May 12, 2026 | Keefe, Bruyette & Woods | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| May 8, 2026 | RBC Capital | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| May 7, 2026 | Evercore ISI Group | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| Apr 28, 2026 | Compass Point | INITIATE | — | Buy |
| Apr 27, 2026 | Barclays | MAINTAIN | Equal-Weight | Equal-Weight |
| Mar 20, 2026 | Deutsche Bank | MAINTAIN | Hold | Hold |
| Mar 13, 2026 | Mizuho | MAINTAIN | Neutral | Neutral |
| Mar 9, 2026 | Morgan Stanley | MAINTAIN | Overweight | Overweight |
| Mar 6, 2026 | Barclays | MAINTAIN | Equal-Weight | Equal-Weight |
| Mar 5, 2026 | Wells Fargo | MAINTAIN | Overweight | Overweight |
| Mar 4, 2026 | Scotiabank | MAINTAIN | Sector Perform | Sector Perform |
| Mar 2, 2026 | Citigroup | MAINTAIN | Neutral | Neutral |
| Feb 27, 2026 | Raymond James | DOWNGRADE | Outperform | Market Perform |
| Feb 25, 2026 | Keefe, Bruyette & Woods | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| Feb 23, 2026 | RBC Capital | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| Feb 23, 2026 | Evercore ISI Group | MAINTAIN | Outperform | Outperform |
| Feb 23, 2026 | Citizens | MAINTAIN | Market Outperform | Market Outperform |
| Jan 21, 2026 | Citizens | REITERATE | Market Outperform | Market Outperform |
| Jan 14, 2026 | Scotiabank | MAINTAIN | Sector Perform | Sector Perform |
| Jan 13, 2026 | Barclays | MAINTAIN | Equal-Weight | Equal-Weight |
| Jan 12, 2026 | JP Morgan | MAINTAIN | Neutral | Neutral |
| Jan 9, 2026 | BMO Capital | DOWNGRADE | Outperform | Market Perform |
| Jan 8, 2026 | UBS | MAINTAIN | Neutral | Neutral |
| Jan 8, 2026 | Mizuho | DOWNGRADE | Outperform | Neutral |
Monthly Consensus History
| Period | Strong Buy | Buy | Hold | Sell | Strong Sell | Buy % | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 1, 2026 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 55% | |
| May 1, 2026 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 55% | |
| Apr 1, 2026 | 5 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 54% | |
| Mar 1, 2026 | 5 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 54% | |
| Feb 1, 2026 | 5 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 54% | |
| Jan 1, 2026 | 5 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 61% |
Strong BuyBuyHoldSellStrong Sell
No congressional trading data available for this ticker. Data is sourced from Senate and House financial disclosure filings.
50°
Neutral
Bearish
Neutral
Bullish
1 mentions
0 bullish
0 bearish
1 time period
Reddit Sentiment History
| Date | Mentions | Sentiment | Bullish | Bearish | Threads |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 12, 2026 | 1 | 44° Neutral | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Recent Reddit Threads
21st Century ROAD to Housing Act - Buy the AMH/INVH dip
▲ 1
💬 0
⚡ 0.5
May 27, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 57.0% short (0.3M / 0.6M)
Short: 322,152 | Exempt: 618 | TRF Vol: 565,607 | Short Ratio: 57.0% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
May 21, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 58.8% short (0.3M / 0.5M)
Short: 308,053 | Exempt: 15 | TRF Vol: 523,890 | Short Ratio: 58.8% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
May 18, 2026
dark_pool
Dark Pool: AMH — 4.1M shares, 60,952 trades
Week starting 2026-05-18. Total ATS volume: 4,050,738 shares across 60,952 trades.
May 11, 2026
dark_pool
Dark Pool: AMH — 5.9M shares, 81,863 trades
Week starting 2026-05-11. Total ATS volume: 5,926,191 shares across 81,863 trades.
May 8, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 60.8% short (0.7M / 1.1M)
Short: 665,628 | Exempt: 253 | TRF Vol: 1,095,161 | Short Ratio: 60.8% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
May 6, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 55.1% short (0.6M / 1.2M)
Short: 648,146 | Exempt: 0 | TRF Vol: 1,175,509 | Short Ratio: 55.1% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
May 6, 2026
earnings_calendar
AMH Q1 2026 Earnings After Market Close — 2026-05-06
May 4, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 61.2% short (0.9M / 1.5M)
Short: 910,382 | Exempt: 1,090 | TRF Vol: 1,487,669 | Short Ratio: 61.2% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
May 4, 2026
dark_pool
Dark Pool: AMH — 4.9M shares, 69,066 trades
Week starting 2026-05-04. Total ATS volume: 4,865,477 shares across 69,066 trades.
May 1, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 61.9% short (0.4M / 0.7M)
Short: 433,936 | Exempt: 3 | TRF Vol: 701,258 | Short Ratio: 61.9% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
Apr 30, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 65.7% short (0.7M / 1.0M)
Short: 679,360 | Exempt: 11 | TRF Vol: 1,033,610 | Short Ratio: 65.7% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
Apr 27, 2026
dark_pool
Dark Pool: AMH — 3.7M shares, 56,425 trades
Week starting 2026-04-27. Total ATS volume: 3,739,945 shares across 56,425 trades.
Apr 24, 2026
short_interest
FTD: AMH — 16,866 shares ($0.5M) failed to deliver
Settlement: 20260424, Price: $30.61, FTD Value: $516,268.26, AMERICAN HOMES 4 RENT
Apr 23, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 60.8% short (0.5M / 0.8M)
Short: 477,761 | Exempt: 0 | TRF Vol: 786,101 | Short Ratio: 60.8% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)
Apr 22, 2026
short_volume
Short Volume: AMH — 55.6% short (0.3M / 0.6M)
Short: 348,277 | Exempt: 1,500 | TRF Vol: 626,142 | Short Ratio: 55.6% | Off-exchange volume (dark pool + OTC)